Theories of Crime Essay Example for Free

Theories of Crime Essay Due to the high rates of violent crimes in California, the state law makers and the people approved in 1994 an important decision that changed the sentencing law of criminals. Called the Three Strikes Law and You’re Out, the law aims to prolong the number of months of imprisonment for criminals who have recommitted a crime. The law was a product of public concerns wherein many violent offenders after their release from prison would just commit another crime. The strategic intention of the Three Strikes legislation was to make prison sentences longer and to make them mandatory when defendants with qualifying, prior criminal records were convicted of new offenses (Zimring, Hawkins Kamin, 2001, p. 91). With this reasoning the ability of criminals to commit further crimes would be restricted or make them discouraged and protect public safety. It is said to get rid of repeat offenders and prevent potential criminals. Before the average sentencing was 21 months but it is now extended to 25 months to life for three-time offenders. In 2004, the state tried to revise the law but majority of the people of California rejected the change and the law still remains as it is today. As to the theory of crime causation closely associated to the law, I find the psychological theory very fitting in explaining how criminals develop anti-social behavior early in childhood that continues to adulthood and become repeat offenders. This theory seeks to identify the character of a criminal how he thinks and decides. There are several factors that influence his criminal behavior mostly from family and individual. Psychologists cited broken homes as a leading cause of criminal behavior. In my research, I discover that children separated from their parents or suffer abused are likely to offend than children whose families are intact. Broken families often become grounds for trauma where children undergo painful experiences that have damaging effects on their development. In addition, children of broken homes have no choice but to confront parental conflict, loss of parents, poverty, and neglect that could give them emotional problems. Hans Eysencks, well-known for his studies on crime and personality, said that people who offend are those with weak conscience due to poor state of mind. Often these people are neurotic (emotionally upset), psychotic (deranged/loss contact with reality) or extravert (assertive/thrill seeker). According to Eysenck people who are psychotic tend to do harm because their emotions are unstable, they are not compassionate, they are hostile and lack of understanding. The psychological theory clearly answers how the Three Strikes law came into existence and how it should be applied to repeat offenders. It is within this theory that I see how people develop criminal minds. People who have multiple crimes should be dealt differently and this law should remind criminals of the consequences of their illegal actions. This law should be applied to its fullest terms and conditions so that criminals in our society would be prevented from harming the public. I believe that this could help lessen criminality and seclude the bad elements in our community. Giving criminals more days in jail should make them reflect of their future and perhaps assist them in transforming their lives into better ones. These kinds of criminals can be treated psychologically through counseling and the law can provide criminals the time for their rehabilitation. Such law could also offer better opportunities for criminals to prepare themselves in coming back to society at the same time the people in the community to accept them once again. In addition, the law could give criminals a good transition period from prison life to normal life in the community. There will be more chances for both criminals and society to patch up things and once more live together in the same community. For law enforcement, it is necessary to know the minds of criminals so that they would be equipped with the right tools in confronting and rehabilitating future felons and repeat offenders. Reference Zimring, F. E., Hawkins, G. Kamin, S. (2001). Punishment and Democracy: Three Strikes and Youre Out in California. Oxford University Press US, New York. Law Library. (2008). Crime-Causation-Psychological-Theories. American Law and Legal Information. Retrieved March 28, 2008, from http://law.jrank.org/pages/811/Crime-Causation-Psychological-Theories-Conclusions.html

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Summary 1. In your own words what are the main points and ideas of the material in the chapter? Performance measurement is the criteria for providing direction in the development of instruction. It is important to establish these measurements to determine if the learners performance is aligned with the organization's vision and strategy. Performance measurement guides us in strategically selecting and managing the instructional content and activities that will advocate learner achievement. It also provides a more systematic way of monitoring the learners performance during and after instruction has been delivered. This leads to increasing focus on learner accountability. Without performance measurement, it would be difficult for us to determine if the organization is moving in a positive direction, knowing whether the learners are improving their performance, and defining how future efforts may be enhanced. Efficient instruction loses its relevance if it does not foster positive learning outcomes. We cannot just assume that a learner will gain knowledge and improve performance because they attended a training session. How well learners perform can largely depend on their own motivation. But, we must also be held accountable for delivering the right instruction to develop their skills and enhance their knowledge. It is important to ask ourselves what we want the learners to do differently after the training has been administered. Keeping that at the forefront, we can then begin to develop the performance objectives and measurements. It is necessary for us to be cognizant of what the learners knew before the training to decipher what we want the learners to accomplish. We cannot test learners on something that we did not teach... ...ever-changing business environment. Organizations can only move as fast as their workers want to move. We can ensure that our learners keep up with change and can transfer the knowledge and skills they obtain to effectively perform on-the-job. We need to welcome the opportunity to be accountable for our performance. We should want to promote and demonstrate the value we bring to an organization with what we do. We are the ones who can create a meaningful learning experience. To me, it is exciting to have the opportunity to impact learners with new knowledge. We have the ability to be creative, solve problems, understand learning styles, and keep up with technology. Having these attributes to create engaging content that has real meaning and purpose and builds on the knowledge and skills of learners is something to be proud of and accountable for in an organization.

Gardner’s Theory on Seven Intelligences

Gardner’s intelligence theory comes from a book he wrote and published titled Frames of Mind (1983). Gardner’s theory on the seven intelligences was quickly adapted by the educational and training fields to help educators and trainers to understand personalities, intelligence, and learning styles. This has enabled educators and trainers to narrow in on how to teach and grasp the attention of all their students and trainees. Whereas encouraging and motivating them by understanding how they learn and the best way to teach them. Gardner’s theories and concepts are aids to understanding overall personalities and strengths. These theories and concepts are all easily understood and can be incorporated into almost any educational or training situation, to better assist in the education and training process. Sometimes combining more than one intelligence helps in finding the best way to educate and train individuals all over the world. Linguistic Intelligence is the intelligence of language or words, when you learn by writing the information down, or when you absorb information my hearing words this is all a form of Linguistic Intelligence. When you form images in your mind when learning or you have to picture what is being taught in your head this is part of the Spatial Intelligence. When you learn by listening to music or if you absorb information better when music is playing this is the Musical Intelligence. Now when learning comes when you actually do what is being taught, hands on so to speak this is called the Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence. Interpersonal Intelligence is happening when a person can learn about a person or situation by the vibe they get from another person in the situation. Also when you learn better through interactions with others like group projects or having a study buddy this can be considered Interpersonal Intelligence. When you rely on self to learn, by understanding your own feelings and interest this is the Intrapersonal Intelligence. People that use Intrapersonal Intelligence are usually independent learners. Now with Logical Mathematical Intelligence you learn by patterns and reasoning, often needing facts to solve problems, also with learning things need to make sense or be logical. Out of the Seven Intelligence Theories produced by Howard Gardner I believe that Linguistic and Bodily- Kinesthetic are the two that are most dominate in my life. When I learn or am trying to absorb information. I have to hear the words and follow along with the written words when possible. So I download audio files of my text books and take good notes, and when I go over my notes I always read them out loud. As with the Bodily- Kinesthetic Intelligence, I see this come through when I write information that I am trying to learn this ties into my Linguistic Intelligence, because I not only need to see and hear my work, I have to physically write it down. The motion of the writing and picturing the words in my mind, I always find it easier to retain information. In studying Gardner’s theories on intelligences I have so much about helping myself to learn more effectively and efficiently.

Ethics in the Workplace - 1223 Words

Good ethics is essential in the workplace to have a good, working environment. Many companies now enforce ethics training, in hopes that the good ethics will rise above bad ethics. But in too many cases that does not happen. It is important to enforce good ethics in the workplace so that trust may be a result. Employers must be able to build trust around their employees and visa versa. Employees must also be able to trust fellow employees. When bad ethics are being displayed by an individual or group of individuals, it is hard to gain trust in the workplace. Without trust, the bad ethics multiply. Pretty much any workplace individual is able to provide examples of both good and bad work ethics, whether they committed both, or†¦show more content†¦All she simply wanted was for me to look up the invoice and the credit that washed against it in a file cabinet that is between the whole department and very accessible to anyone. Well I gave it back to her and explained that all she had to do was go look in the files. Then there was another situation, I picked up her mail for her and gave it to her. Well I guess she already had and attitude with me about the previous incident, and began to e-mail my boss and myself about the tact that I was nosing around in her mail slot. Then we were asked to come in my bosss office to discuss the matter. I was extremely upset by the pettiness of the whole situation and told her so (in a polite manner) however it didnt end with that. Weeks later I was getting a paper off the printer and I seen there were several of Dinas papers by the printer, I picked them up and dropped them off at her desk. She had the nerve to tell me to take those back! Well...once again we had to meet in my boss office. After this she finally left me alone ...only for a while that is. Another time the entire department was called to have a meeting prompted by Dina and her boss about the procedures in which we handled the credits. (About time, I thought) The meeting was a total waste, as others got into a shouting match about one of our new temps. At any rate, nothing got resolved inShow MoreRelatedEthics : Ethics And The Workplace1407 Words   |  6 PagesIn this day in age ethics is a big part of businesses. An Ethical employee tends to make decisions in the best interest of their employers, co-workers, a nd also outside companies other than themselves. 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According to dictionary.com, states that the word ethics means, the code of good conducts for an individual or group. Ethics also means, simply stated, that ethics refers to standards of behavior that tell us how human beings ought to act in the many situations in which they find themselves-as friends, parents, children, citizens, businesspeople, teachers, professionalsRead MoreImportance Of Ethics In The Workplace1572 Words   |  7 PagesThe Importance of Ethics in the Workplace In their personal and professional lives, people can and, unfortunately, sometimes do go against their moral and ethical standards. Ethical standards are what it means to be a good person, the social rules that govern our behavior. Ethics in business is essentially the study of what constitutes the right and wrong or the good or bad behavior in the workplace environment. A business is an organization whose objective is to provide goods or services for profit